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Binary Code Computer design is based on device with two states (open or closed circuits, on or off switches). A bit, the smallest unit of storage in a computer, represents each 'on' or 'off' circuit. The smallest group of bits is made up of eight bits, and is referred t as a byte. Machine language is written using two symbols, usually the digits 0 and 1. Therefore, machine language is also referred to as binary language. These string of binary digits are very difficult for a human to decipher so a more compact form has been devised in which each group of three binary digits was replaced by a single number in the range from 0 to 7 (octal digits). Machine language, which is a low-level language, may be different for various types of computers. Thus, the binary (base 2) sequence 010100011 010 000 010111 would be replaced by the octal (base 8) sequence 243 2 0 27. Stephenson wrote:
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