"The New South and the African American Struggle for Citizenship"

I The New South

          A) Retarded development

          B) Sharecropping

                   Crop-lien system

          C) Southern Industry

                   James Buchanan Duke, American Tobacco Company

          D) Jim Crow and Disfranchisement

                   Poll tax, literacy test, white primary, Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

          E) Violence and Black Resistance

                   Ida B. Wells, Free Speech, A Red Record

          F) Exodus

                   Liberia, Robert Abbott, The Defender

II Booker T. Washington

          Normal school, Atlanta Compromise

III W.E.B. Du Bois

          Souls of Black Folk (1903), Niagara Movement, NAACP, The Crisis, Double Consciousness, “Talented-tenth”

"LATE 19TH CENTURY WESTERN EXPANSION"

I    THE WEST AS A REGION

A) INDIAN PEOPLES IN THE WEST AT MID-CEN.

CONSENSUS, ANIMISTS

B) WHITES AND THE WEST AT MID-CEN.

HOMESTEAD ACT, RIPARIAN WATER RIGHTS

C) WHITES AND INDIAN RELATIONS

DAWES SEVERALTY ACT, GHOST DANCE

II   UNIQUE FEATURES OF THE AMERICAN WEST

A) GHOST TOWN

B) FEDERAL ASSISTANCE

C) MYTHOLOGY, IMAGE, AMERICAN CHARACTER

       FREDERICK JACKSON TURNER

III  WESTERN INDUSTRIES

A) MINING

WESTERN FEDERATION OF MINERS

B) RAILROADS

COLLIS P. HUNTINGTON, CENTRAL PACIFIC RAILROAD

C) CATTLE INDUSTRY

D) FARMING IN THE WEST

"WORKERS: A COMPONENT OF INDUSTRIAL CAPITALISM"

I LABOR, A COMPONENT OF INDUSTRY

IMMIGRATION, LABOR BROKER, MIGRATION, WHITE MALE PRIVILEGE, ASIAN IMMIGRATION, CHINESE EXCLUSION ACT (1882)

II EVOLVING WORLD OF THE AMERICAN WORKER

PRODUCER CLASS, PITTSBURGH BESSEMER STEEL COMPANY, DESKILLING, WORKPLACE HAZARDS, FREDERICK TAYLOR, “BLUE MONDAY,” WAGES, WOMEN WORKERS, CLASS MOBILITY

III LABOR UNIONS

1877 RAILROAD STRIKE, NATIONAL LABOR UNION (NLU), KNIGHTS OF LABOR, TERENCE POWDERLY, LABOR THEORY OF VALUE, HAYMARKET, AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR (AFL), SAMUEL GOMPERS, "PURE AND SIMPLE UNIONISM"

"GILDED AGE POLITICS AND THE FARMERS’ REVOLT"

I GILDED AGE POLITICS (1876-1896)

            MARK TWAIN, DEMOCRATS AND REPUBLICANS

A)    CONGRESSIONAL POLITICS

“BLOODY SHIRT,” CIVIL SERVICE ACT (1883), TARIFFS, GREENBACKS, SHERMAN SILVER PURCHASE ACT

B)    PRESIDENTIAL POLITICS

RUTHERFORD B. HAYES (1877-81), JAMES, GARFIELD (1881), CHESTER ARTHUR (1881-85), GROVER CLEVELAND (1885-89, 1893-97), BENJAMIN HARRISON (1889-93), SHERMAN ANTI-TRUST ACT (1890)

II THE FARMERS’ REVOLT

AGRICULTURAL DEPRESSION, OVERPRODUCTION, SOCIETY, CREDIT, ALLIANCE MOVEMENT, GRANGE, INTERSTATE COMMERCE ACT (1887), INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION, SOUTHERN ALLIANCE, ALLIANCE EXCHANGES, COLORED FARMERS’ NATIONAL ALLIANCE AND COOPERATIVE UNION (1886), NATIONAL FARMERS’ ALLIANCE AND INDUSTRIAL UNION, MARY LEASE, SUB TREASURY SYSTEM, PEOPLES’ PARTY, POPULISTS, TOM WATSON, OMAHA PLATFORM, JAMES WEAVER

III PANIC OF 1893

IV ELECTION OF 1896

            WILLIAM MCKINLEY, WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN, FUSION

"CONSTRUCTING AN OVERSEAS EMPIRE"

I AMERICAN IMPERIALISM

A)    WHAT IS IMPERIALISM?

HEGEMONY, FREE TRADE, OPEN DOOR POLICY

B)    SECURING OVERSEAS MARKETS

SINGER COMPANY, MINOR KEITH, UNITED FRUIT COMPANY

C)   SHAPING U.S. FOREIGN POLICY

1.    MISSIONARIES

2.    NAVY

CAPTAIN ALFRED THAYER MAHAN

3.    ELITES

D)   AMERICAN IMPERIALIST PERSPECTIVE

CHARLES DARWIN, SOCIAL DARWINISTS, RACIAL HIERARCHY

E)    AMERICAN PRESENCE IN THE PACIFIC

WILLIAM SEWARD, ANTI-IMPERIALISTS, COMMODORE MATTHEW PERRY, MEIJI RESTORATION (1868-1912), MIDWAY, HAWAII

II SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR

A)    CUBA

JOSE MARTI, WILLIAM MCKINLEY, MAINE, COMMODORE GEORGE DEWEY, TELLER AMENDMENT, GENERAL LEONARD WOOD, PLATT AMENDMENT

B)    PUERTO RICO

GENERAL NELSON MILES, FORAKER ACT (1900)

C)   PHILIPPINES

"THE PROGRESSIVE ERA"

I    SEARCH FOR ORDER

ROBERT WIEBE, THE SEARCH FOR ORDER, TRIANGLE SHIRTWAIST FIRE, NY LABOR LEG.

II   IDEOLOGY OF PROGRESSIVISM

ASPECTS OF PROGRESSIVE THINKING, THORSTEN VEBLEN, WILLIAM JAMES, JOHN DEWEY

III  PROGRESSIVE METHODS

              MUCKRAKING JOURNALISTS, PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS, GOVERNMENTAL SOLUTIONS

IV   PROGRESSIVE REFORM MOVEMENTS

A) POVERTY

JACOB RIIS, ROBERT HUNTER, POVERTY, SOCIAL WORKER

B) COUNTRY LIFE MOVEMENT & COUNTRY LIFE COMMISSION

C) WOMEN AND THE PROGRESSIVE MOVEMENT

CHARLOTTE GILMAN, REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS, MARGARET SANGER, SETTLEMENT HOUSE MOVEMENT, JANE ADDAMS, HULL HOUSE, SUFFRAGE, NATIONAL AMERICAN WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION, SUSAN B. ANTHONY, 19TH AMENDMENT  

D) PROHIBITION

ANTI-ALCOHOL-SCIENTIFIC CONNECTION, ANTI-SALOON LEAGUE, DRY VS. WET, 18TH AMENDMENT

E) REFORM OF MUNICIPAL AND STATE GOVTS

MAYOR’S OFFICE, CITY COUNCIL, COMMISSION SYSTEM, CITY-MANAGER, ROBERT LA FOLLETTE, "WISCONSIN IDEA"

F) REFORM AT THE PRESIDENTIAL LEVEL

1. THEODORE ROOSEVELT

SQUARE DEAL, 1902 COAL STRIKE, HEPBURN ACT, PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT (1906), MEAT INSPECTION ACT (1906), JOHN MUIR, GILLFORD PINCHOT, RECLAMATION ACT (1902)

2. WILLIAM TAFT

       OLD GUARD, ANTI-TRUST, CONGRESSIONAL LAWS, 16^TH & 17^TH AMENDMENTS

3. WOODROW WILSON

"NEW NATIONALISM," NEW FREEDOM," EUGENE DEBS, UNDERWOOD-SIMMONS TARIFF (1913), FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD, FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION, CLAYTON ANTI-TRUST ACT (1914)

V    LEGACY OF PROGRESSIVISM

            INITIATIVE, REFERENDUM, RECALL, 19TH AMENDMENT, WORKING CONDITIONS, CHILD LABOR, CONSUMER SAFETY, NEW EXPECTATIONS OF GOVT

"PROGRESSIVE ERA FOREIGN RELATIONS AND THE US AND THE GREAT WAR"

I    US IMPERIALISM IN THE AMERICAS

A) THE PANAMA CANAL

NICARAGUA, WILLIAM WALKER, SUEZ CANAL, COLUMBIA, “REVOLUTION,”HAY-BUNAU-VARILLA TREATY (1904),                         LABORERS

B) US SPHERE OF INFLUENCE IN THE AMERICAS

1) THEODORE ROOSEVELT

ROOSEVELT COROLLARY

2) WILLIAM TAFT

DOLLAR DIPLOMACY

3) WOODROW WILSON

C) INTERVENTION IN MEXICO

PORFIRO DIAZ, FRANCISCO MADERO, PONCHO VILLA, EMILIANO ZAPATA, GENERAL HUERTA, TAMPICO, VERACRUZ, VENUSTIANO CARRANZA, GENERAL PERSHING

II   ROAD TO US INVOLVEMENT IN THE GREAT WAR

TRIPLE ENTENTE, TRIPLE ALLIANCE, AUSTRIA-HUNGARIAN EMPIRE, SERBIA, RUSSIA, GERMANY, FRANCE,                                                SCHLIEFFEN PLAN, BELGIUM, GREAT BRITAIN, MARNE RIVER

A) US EARLY PUBLIC OPINION

        IMMIGRANTS, NEWSPAPERS

B) FREE TRADE, PUBLIC OPINION, WAR

        BRITISH BLOCKAGE, U-BOATS, LUSITANIA, WAR OF ATTRITION

III US AND THE GREAT WAR

WESTERN FRONT, TRENCHES, EASTERN FRONT, BOLSHEVIK REVOLUTION, SPRING 1918

A) AMERICAN ARMY

SELECTIVE SERVICE ACT (1917), PROGRESSIVES AND WAR

B) AFRICAN AMERICANS AND THE WAR

        RACE RIOTS

C) THE AMERICAN STATE AND THE WAR

LIBERTY AND VICTORY BONDS, WAR INDUSTRIES BOARD (1917), FOOD AND FUEL ACT, FOOD ADMINISTRATION, HERBERT HOOVER, NATIONAL WAR LABOR BOARD (1918)

D) CIVIL LIBERTIES

COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC INFORMATION (1917), FOUR MINUTE MEN ARMY, 100% AMERICANISM, ESPIONAGE ACT (1917), SEDITION ACT (1918), EUGENE DEBS, SOCIALIST PARTY, INDUSTRIAL WORKERS OF THE WORLD, CRIMINAL SYNDICALISM

IV   PEACE IN EUROPE

FOURTEEN POINTS, TREATY OF VERSAILLES (1919)

"AMERICA IN THE 1920S"

I SOCIETY AND CULTURE

A) MODERNITY

       MULTICULTURAL AMERICA

B) ECONOMY

       1. GROWTH

       2. HENRY FORD

       3. BIG BUSINESS

              “WELFARE CAPITALISM”

       4. CONSUMER SOCIETY (CREDIT AND DEBT)

C) AFRICAN AMERICANS AND THE 1920S

       HARLEM RENAISSANCE, JAZZ AGE

D) YOUTH AND THE 1920S

       "FLAPPER"

E) WOMEN AND THE 1920S

       FAMILY SIZE, BIRTH CONTROL, WORK, CULTURAL IMAGE, EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT, SHEPPARD-TOWNER ACT (1921)

II REACTION TO CHANGE

A) IMMIGRATION

       NATIONAL ORIGINS ACT (1924), SACCO-VANZETTI CASE, 100% AMERICANISM, RED SCARE (PALMER RAIDS)

B) PROHIBITION

       PROHIBITION BUREAU, SPEAKEASIES

C) KU KLUX KLAN

       WILLIAM SIMMONS, “BIRTH OF A NATION,” MEMBERSHIP, IDEOLOGY, PEAK IN POWER, DECLINE

III POLITICS OF THE DECADE

A) REPUBLICAN PARTY

B) REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTS AND ADMINISTRATIONS

       WARREN G. HARDING, “NORMALCY” TEAPOT DOME, CALVIN COOLIDGE, HERBERT HOOVER, "ASSOCIATIONALISM," AL SMITH

BRAIN TRUST, BANK HOLIDAY, EMERGENCY BANKING ACT, FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION, FEDERAL SECURITY ACT, SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, HOME OWNER'S LOAN ACT, FEDERAL EMERGENCY RELIEF ADMINISTRATION, CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS, TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY, NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL RECOVERY ACT, PUBLIC WORKS ADMINISTRATION, NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION, HAROLD ICKES, AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT

C) THE SECOND NEW DEAL (1935-36)

1) DISSENT

HUEY P. LONG, FATHER CHARLES COUGHLIN, DR. FRANCIS TOWNSEND

2) SECOND ONE HUNDRED DAYS

EMERGENCY RELIEF APPROPRIATIONS ACT, WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION, SOCIAL SECURITY ACT

3) LABOR LEGISLATION

NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS ACT (WAGNER ACT), NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD

D) ELECTION OF 1936

E) THE NEW DEAL AND AFRICAN AMERICANS

F) THE NEW DEAL AND LABOR

CONGRESS OF INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATIONS

III END OF THE NEW DEAL (1937-40)

A) COURT PACKING

B) THE ROOSEVELT RECESSION

JOHN MAYNARD KEYNES, FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT

IV   LEGACY OF THE NEW DEAL: LIBERAL WELFARE STATE

"THE UNITED STATES AND WORLD WAR TWO"

I    THE ROAD TO THE SECOND WORLD WAR

A) POSTWAR DISILLUSIONMENT

TREATY OF VERSAILLES, KELLOGG-BRIAND PACT

B) WAR IN ASIA

        SINO-JAPANESE WAR (1894-95), RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR (1904-05), WASHINGTON TREATY (1922)

C) FDR'S GOOD NEIGHBOR POLICY

D) EUROPE AND FASCISM

1. ITALY

BENITO MUSSOLINI

2. GERMANY

ADOLF HITLER, NATIONAL SOCIALIST WORKERS' PARTY, ENABLING ACT

E) INTERNATIONAL RESPONSES TO FASCISM

DEMOCRACIES, SPANISH CIVIL WAR, MUNICH CONFERENCE, NON-AGRESSION PACT

F) US AND THE SPREAD OF FASCISM AND WAR

WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE FOR PEACE AND FREEDOM, NEUTRALITY ACT (1935), NEUTRALITY ACT (1937), "FORTRESS AMERICA," LEND-LEASE ACT (1941), ATLANTIC CHARTER

II   PERCEPTIONS AND IMAGES OF WAR

A) JAPAN

B) USA

C) PROBLEM OF MYTH AND REALITY

GREATER EAST ASIAN CO-PROSPERITY SPHERE

D) CENSORSHIP IN THE US

III FIGHTING THE WAR WITH PROPAGANDA

IV   WARTIME MOBILIZATION

A) JAPANESE INTERNMENT

ISSEI, NISEI, EX #9066

B) WAR POWERS ACT

C) OFFICE OF WAR INFORMATION

D) WAR PRODUCTION BOARD

OFFICE OF WAR MOBILIZATION

E) NATIONAL WAR LABOR BOARD

F) OFFICE OF PRICE ADMINISTRATION

G) FUNDING THE WAR

WAR BONDS

V   RICHARD NIXON AND THE COLD WAR

HENRY KISSINGER

A) NIXON AND VIETNAM

PENTAGON PAPERS, DANIEL ELLSBERG

B) CONTINUING TO FIGHT THE COLD WAR IN THE THIRD WORLD

NIXON DOCTRINE

C) NIXON ADAPTS TO A MULTI-POLAR WORLD

1. THE CHINA INITIATIVE

2. DETENTE

STRATEGIC ARMS LIMITATIONS TREATY (SALT I)

VI POST-COLD WAR

"THE STRUGGLE OF AMERICAN LIBERALISM AND CIVIL RIGHTS"

I    THE POSTWAR CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

A) WHY DURING THE POSTWAR PERIOD AND THE 1950S?, WWII, COLD WAR, PRESIDENTIAL COMMISSION ON CIVIL RIGHTS, TO SECURE THESE RIGHTS, BLACK MIDDLE CLASS, POLITICAL AND LABOR POWER

B) BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION

NAACP, THURGOOD MARSHALL

C) SOUTHERN RESISTANCE

D) LITTLE ROCK CRISIS

E) CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957

F) MONTGOMERY BUS BOYCOTT

ROSA PARKS, MONTGOMERY IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION

G) MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. AND NONVIOLENT CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE

SOUTHERN CHRISTIAN LEADERSHIP CONFERENCE (SCLC), STUDENT NONVIOLENT COORDINATING COMMITTEE (SNCC)

II   EXPANSION OF THE LIBERAL WELFARE STATE

A) JOHN KENNEDY

"NEW FRONTIER"

B) LYNDON JOHNSON

"GREAT SOCIETY"

1. WAR ON POVERTY

MEDICARE, MEDICAID, OFFICE OF ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY 

2. COMMUNITY REVITALIZATION

HOUSING ACT (1961), ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION ACT (1965), JOB CORPS, VOLUNTEERS IN SERVICE TO AMERICA (VISTA), HEAD START, IMMIGRATION ACT (1965)

3. LEGACIES OF THE GREAT SOCIETY

III LIBERALISM AND THE EXPANSION OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

A) SUCCESS IN DESEGREGATION

CONGRESS OF RACIAL EQUALITY (CORE), "FREEDOM RIDES," CIVIL RIGHTS ACT (1964)

B) SUCCESS IN VOTING RIGHTS

"FREEDOM SUMMER," MISSISSIPPI FREEDOM DEMOCRATIC PARTY, VOTING RIGHTS ACT (1965)

C) LIMITS OF SUPPORT FOR LIBERALISM

"AFFIRMATIVE ACTION"

1. URBAN VIOLENCE

COMMISSION ON CIVIL DISORDERS

IV LIMITS OF LIBERALISM AND MAINSTREAM CIVIL RIGHTS

"BLACK POWER," BLACK PANTHER PARTY

C) REAGANISM

NEW RIGHT, SUPPLY-SIDE ECONOMICS, ECONOMIC RECOVERY TAX ACT (1981), PACTO STRIKE, COLD WAR

D) CHANGING ROLES OF WOMEN AND THE NATURE OF THE FAMILY

NOW, ERA, PHYLLIS SCHAFLY, ROE V. WADE, RIGHT TO LIFE MOVEMENT, HYDE AMENDMENT, VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN ACT (1994)

E) GAY AND LESBIAN RIGHTS

STONEWALL, DEFENSE OF MARRIAGE ACT (1994)

F) CONSERVATISM IN THE COURTS

BUSING, AFFIRMATIVE ACTION

G) WELFARE REFORM

"CONTRACT WITH AMERICA"

"American Environmentalism"

I North America

A) Natural Resources

            Manifest Destiny, Extinction, Dawes Severalty Act (1887)

B) Early Conservation

            1. Spirituality in Nature

                        Romantics, Transcendentalists, Ralph W. Emerson (1817-1882)

            2. Cultural Nationalism

                        James F. Cooper (1789-1851), Asher Durand (1796-1886)

            3. Stem the Tide of Civilization

                        George Catlin (1792-1872), Market Revolution, Henry D. Thoreau (1817-1862)

            4. Economics

                        George P. Marsh (1801-1882), Yellowstone National Park

            5. Preservation

                        John Muir (1838-1914), Preservation, Yosemite National Park, Sierra Club

II Twentieth Century Conservation

A) Progressive Era

            Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919), Gifford Pinchot (1865-1946), US Forest Service

B) Conservation vs. Preservation

            Conservation Movement, Hetch Hetchy Valley

C) Institutional Conservation

            National Park Service (1916), CCC, Dust Bowl, Taylor Grazing Act (1934), Soil Conservation Act (1935)

III Ecology

            Aldo Leopold (1886-1946), Land Ethic, Rachel Carson (1907-1964), DDT, Santa Barbara, California, Oil Spill (1969), Ecosystem, Earth Day

IV Local, Federal, and Global Environmentalism

            EPA, Clean Air Act (1970), Clean Water Act (1970, 1986), Ozone Layer, Global Warming, Al Gore, Energy Policy Act (1992), Kyoto Protocol